Civil Rights Oral History Project
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Oral history interview with John Alexander by Kathy Carter
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In this transcript of a June 19, 1989, oral history interview conducted by Kathy Carter with John Alexander, Alexander discusses his impressions of Greensboro, specifically his memories of the public sentiment regarding race relations. He also discusses the factors that led to the November 3, 1979, incident and the aftermath of this event on the city.
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Oral history interview with Joanne Bluethenthal by William Link
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In this transcript of a January 20, 1987, oral history interview conducted by William Link with Joanne Bluethenthal, Ms. Bluethenthal primarily discusses her involvement with integration of the Greensboro public school system in 1971, including the reaction of local parents to busing and her involvement with Greensboro's Human Relations Advisory Committee. She also notes her initial impressions of Greensboro in 1950 and her experience of working with various communities towards racial equality in the 1950s and 1960s.
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Oral history interview with Cardes Brown by William Link
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In this transcript of an February 22, 1989, oral history interview conducted by William Link with Carden Brown, Brown primarily discusses his experiences with segregation as a youth, and general race relations in North Carolina and in Greensboro. He also talks about his personal calling to the ministry, the role of the black church in the community, and the importance of nonviolent strategies. Brown also notes responses to the Review Commission report on the November 3, 1979 incident, and the aftermath of the event on the city.
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Oral history interview with Vance H. Chavis by William Link, 1988
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In this transcript of a December 7, 1988, oral history interview conducted by William Link with Vance H. Chavis, Chavis discusses the role of teachers in the black community, and Dudley High School, and the discrepancy between white and black schools. He describes his involvement in and activities of organizations such as the NAACP, Greensboro Citizens Association, and Greensboro Interracial Commission; voting and politics in the 1950s; segregated buses, theatres, and restaurants; and his personal educational background and experiences in South Carolina.
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Oral history interview with Howard A. Chubbs by William Link
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In this transcript of a September 18, 1989, oral history interview conducted by William Link with Howard A. Chubbs, Chubbs discusses his background and compares the racial climate of Tennessee; Chicago; Richmond, Virginia; and Greensboro, North Carolina. He specifically describes political leadership and race relations in Greensboro, needs and evolution of the community, the role of certain participants in the local civil rights movement, his memories of the 1969 riot at North Carolina A&T State University, and the November 3, 1979, shootout and its aftermath.
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Oral history interview with Katie Dorsett by Kathleen Hoke
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In this transcript of a May 30, 1990, oral history interview conducted by Kathleen Hoke with Katie Dorsett, Ms. Dorsett primarily discusses her experiences while at North Carolina A&T State University, including the racial and socioeconomic demography of Greensboro, the 1960 sit-ins, the desegregation and integration of Greensboro schools, and the 1969 riot at Dudley High School and at North Carolina A&T State University. She also provides her observations on paternalism, race relations, and integration in the community and in the workforce.
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Oral history interview with George Evans by William Link
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In this transcript of a November 3, 1989, oral history interview conducted by William Link with George Evans, Evans describes Greensboro during the 1930s, 1940s, and 1950s, especially segregation in medical and transportation facilities. He also describes the city in the early 1960s, especially civil rights demonstrations, the role of the NAACP, and the work of the committee he headed to confront race problems in the city.
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Oral history interview with Beatrice M. Folger by Kevin Costello
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In this transcript of a December 5, 1986, oral history interview conducted by Kevin Costello with Beatrice M. Folger, Ms. Folger primarily discusses her involvement with the YWCA and other integrated groups in the 1950s and 1960s. She describes interracial meetings, cultural events, and clubs, and the roles these played in opening up dialogue between blacks and whites. Folger also talks about the role of some specific local citizens, including Ethel Troy, Warren Ashby, and Capt. William Jackson. Other topics include treatment of Japanese-Americans during World War II, C-SPAN, and Clan of the Cave Bear.
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Oral history interview with Dargan Frierson by Kathleen Hoke
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In this transcript of a January 9, 1990, oral history interview conducted by Kathleen Hoke with Dargan Frierson, Frierson discusses his disagreement with conclusions offered by William Chafe in Civilities and Civil Rights, especially concerning Frierson's use of informants.
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Oral history interview with Dargan Frierson by Kathleen Hoke
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In this transcript of a November 10, 1989, oral history interview conducted by Kathleen Hoke wit Dargan Frierson, Frierson discusses his experience as a FBI agent stationed in Greensboro, especially regarding the activities of the Ku Klux Klan and the Black Panthers. Other topics the 1968 riot in response to the assassination of Martin Luther King Jr. and the 1969 events at Dudley High School and North Carolina A&T State University.
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Oral history interview with Julius Fulmore by Kathy Carter
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In this transcript of a May 10, 1989, oral history interview conducted by Kathy Carter with Julius Fulmore, Fulmore discusses his youth in rural North Carolina with regard to race relations and educational opportunities, his training at Fayetteville State Teacher's College, and his experience teaching in segregated Davie County schools. He also describes desegregation, voluntary integration, and the promotion of black administrators in the Greensboro public school system.
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Oral history interview with Prince E. Graves by Kathleen Hoke
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In this transcript of a June 18, 1990, oral history interview conducted by Kathleen Hoke with Prince E. Graves, Graves discusses his childhood in segregated Greensboro, his faith, and his later role as a black minister in the city during the civil rights movement and as member of the city council. He presents his opinions of race relations and how they have evolved in Greensboro and nationally, including political developments through the 1980s.
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Oral history interview with Robert Hayes by Kathy Carter
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In this transcript of a May 10, 1989, oral history interview conducted by Kathy Carter with Robert Hayes, Hayes discusses growing up in segregated Greensboro and the role of the church in his life and the community. He explains the board of education's procedure for selecting the first black school personnel, describes his experiences as the minority teacher, and discusses the attitudes and actions of students when integration first took place in Greensboro. He also describes a situation in the late 1950s when he was arrested in Alabama for being in the company of white military personnel.
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Oral history interview with Sarah Herbin by William Link
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In this transcript of a June 5, 1990, oral history interview conducted by William Link with Sarah Herbin, Ms. Herbin primarily discusses her experience working for equal opportunity employment as a staff member of the American Friends Service Committee (AFSC) during the early 1950s and 1960s, and as a member of North Carolina Governor Terry Sanford's administration. She also mentions her experiences with racial prejudice, school desegregation in High Point, and her work at Bennett College and the North Carolina Fund.
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Oral history interview with Sol Jacobs by William Link
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In this transcript of a December 9, 1986, oral history interview conducted by William Link with Sol Jacobs, Jacobs recalls race relations in Jim Crow Greensboro in the 1950s and the general sentiment of people concerning desegregation. He describes the action of the school board regarding integration, the role of the Ku Klux Klan and the White Citizens' Council, and the political environment of Greensboro in the 1950s. Jacobs also discusses the Chamber of Commerce and its individual members, as well as his own involvement. Other topics include his views on the positive changes of integration and the areas he believes remain unchanged.
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Oral history interview with Otis L. Hairston Sr. and Nelson Johnson by William Link
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In this transcript of a May 5, 1989, oral history interview conducted by William Link with Otis L. Hairston Sr. and Nelson Johnson, Hairston and Johnson compare their respective childhoods in Greensboro and Halifax County, North Carolina, and discuss early experiences and influences on their lives. They also discuss educational issues, including the desegregation of Greensboro schools, in addition to race relations, the use of boycotts, and the relationship between faith and class in the black community.
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Oral history interview with Michael King by Kathy Carter
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In this transcript of a May 18, 1989, oral history interview conducted by Kathy Carter with Michael King, King primarily discusses his experiences on the Greensboro school board during the late 1980s. He provides his opinions on the evolution of race relations in Greensboro and the effect of school desegregation on African-Americans.
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Oral history interview with J. Kenneth Lee by Kathleen Hoke
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In this transcript of a June 6, 1990, oral history interview conducted by Kathleen Hoke with J. Kenneth Lee, Lee discusses his legal battle to gain admission into University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill as the first African-American law student and the challenges he faced during his time there. He describes the legal system during the 1950s, especially the discrimination faced by black lawyers and their clients, and discrimination in the banking industry, including the creation of American Federal Savings and Loan in Greensboro.
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Oral history interview with Colvin Leonard by Kathy Carter
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In this transcript of a May 28, 1989, oral history interview conducted by Kathy Carter with Colvin Leonard, Leonard recalls race relations in Greensboro from the late 1940s through the 1960s. He describes being at the Woolworth's lunch counter when the February 1, 1960, sit-in occurred, and how, at the time, it did not seem like a dramatic, historic event. He provides details of demonstrations and pickets, commends the police department for maintaining peace, and describes his personal relationships and experiences with black citizens.
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Oral history interview with Frances Lewis by William Link
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In this transcript of an April 21, 1989, oral history interview conducted by William Link with Frances Lewis, Lewis describes her view of the transition from segregation to desegregation in Greensboro and the progress and changes made in the 30 years since the Woolworth sit-in. She recalls the sit-ins of 1960, the demonstrations of later years, and the eventual integration of public schools. She describes the part she and other students played in bringing about changes, and how black and white communities, churches, and organizations such as the NAACP and CORE assisted in their activities.
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